Factor rates · Written by a working underwriter

Factor rate vs. interest rate: what's the real cost of an MCA?

Every MCA offer comes with a factor rate, not an interest rate — and that one difference is where most business owners lose track of what they're actually agreeing to pay. Here's the math underwriters use, and how to turn a factor rate into a number you can actually compare.

Last updated August 20267 minute readFree to read

 
Typical factor rate range on an MCA
 
Typical repayment term length
 
Effective APR range that same factor rate can represent

Why factor rates and interest rates aren't the same math

An interest rate — an APR — is a percentage charged on the balance you still owe, calculated over time. As you pay down principal, the amount you're paying interest on shrinks. Pay a loan off early and you pay less interest overall. Time works in your favor.

A factor rate works differently. It's a flat multiplier applied to the full amount funded, set the moment the advance is approved. It doesn't compound and it doesn't shrink as you pay it down — and critically, it usually doesn't change even if you pay the whole thing off early. Whether the advance runs the full term or gets paid off in half the time, the total dollar cost is typically the same fixed number agreed to at signing.

Insider noteFactor rates are written as decimals — 1.15, 1.25, 1.40 — never as a percentage. If an MCA offer shows you something that looks like a percentage, ask directly whether it's a factor rate or an actual interest rate. They aren't interchangeable, and mixing them up changes the math significantly.

How to actually calculate what a factor rate costs you

The formula is simple: total payback = amount funded × factor rate. On a $50,000 advance at a 1.35 factor rate, that's $50,000 × 1.35 = $67,500 total payback. The cost of capital is $17,500 — that's the number that actually matters, not the "1.35."

$50,000 advance at a 1.35 factor rate

Funded
Principal
$50,000
Payback
Total owed
$67,500

$17,500 cost of capital — fixed regardless of how fast the advance is repaid.

"Business owners almost always remember the factor rate they were quoted. Almost none of them can tell me the actual dollar amount they agreed to pay back. Those are two very different conversations."

Ready4Fund underwriting team

Turning a factor rate into an apples-to-apples APR

To compare a factor rate against a loan's APR, you need the term length too: estimated APR ≈ ((factor rate − 1) ÷ term in months) × 12 × 100. The same factor rate produces a wildly different annualized cost depending purely on how long it takes to repay.

A 1.35 factor rate at three different terms

6 months
Same $17.5K cost
~70% APR
12 months
Same $17.5K cost
~35% APR
18 months
Same $17.5K cost
~23% APR

Estimated APR, not a legal or binding calculation — actual cost depends on the lender's specific repayment structure.

ImportantComparing two offers by factor rate alone is a mistake. A 1.25 factor over 4 months can easily cost more on an annualized basis than a 1.35 factor over 12 months. Always ask for the estimated term or holdback percentage alongside the factor rate before comparing offers.

Why lenders use factor rates instead of APR

An MCA isn't legally structured as a loan — it's a purchase of a fixed portion of your future receivables, repaid through a percentage holdback of daily or weekly sales, or a fixed debit that approximates one. Because repayment speed can shift with revenue, the payoff date isn't locked in at signing the way it is with an amortizing loan, which is part of why a time-based rate doesn't map onto it cleanly.

Federal Truth in Lending disclosure rules were written for consumer credit and don't apply to commercial financing, which is part of why MCA providers have historically quoted a factor rate rather than an APR. That's shifting — a growing number of states now require commercial financing providers to disclose an estimated APR-equivalent alongside the factor rate. Regardless of what your state requires, you can always ask the lender directly for the estimated APR and get it in writing.

Where this is headingEven where it isn't legally required yet, a lender who won't give you a straight answer on estimated APR when asked is telling you something about the offer. A lender confident in their pricing will do the math with you.

What actually moves your factor rate

Underwriters aren't picking a factor rate out of thin air. It's priced off a handful of specific risk signals in your file:

Time in businessa longer operating history reads as materially lower risk
Bank statement quality — average daily balance and negative days move pricing directly. See what lenders actually pull first.
Industry risk tiersome industries are priced higher purely on category-level default history
Existing MCA balancesstacked advances signal strain and push pricing up — or trigger a decline outright
Requested amount vs. revenueasking for an amount disproportionate to monthly revenue reads as higher risk

"Two businesses with identical revenue can get quoted completely different factor rates. The number on top of the bank statement is rarely the whole story — it's the consistency underneath it that actually sets the price."

Ready4Fund underwriting team

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This page is for informational purposes only and does not constitute financial advice. Funding approval depends on individual lender criteria and is not guaranteed.